Fig. 4: Optoelectronic performance and stability of TSCs.

a The champion PCE of single-junction subcells and perovskite/organic TSC. b J-V characteristics of TSCs under forward and reverse scans. c EQE spectra for perovskite and organic subcells within the TSC. d Comparative summary of the PCEs for state-of-the-art perovskite/organic TSCs. e Long-term stability tests conducted under AM 1.5 illumination in an N2 atmosphere for both control and target TSCs.