Fig. 1: Impact of Smoking on Anti-VEGF Treatment in nvAMD and CNV in Mice. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Impact of Smoking on Anti-VEGF Treatment in nvAMD and CNV in Mice.

From: Smoking aggravates neovascular age-related macular degeneration via Sema4D-PlexinB1 axis-mediated activation of pericytes

Fig. 1: Impact of Smoking on Anti-VEGF Treatment in nvAMD and CNV in Mice.

A OCT images show baseline and post-treatment retinas in non-smokers and smokers with nvAMD. B, C Baseline retinal (B), lesion (C) thickness in nvAMD patients (n = 47/50). Mean ± SEM, P = 0.2949, 0.4062 (two-tailed Student’s t test). D, E Changes in retinal and lesion thickness post-treatment (n = 47/50). Mean ± SEM, P = < 0.0001, 0.0003 (two-way ANOVA, Sidak’s test). F Age of nvAMD onset in non-smoking/smoking patients (n = 47/50). Mean ± SEM, P = 0.0012 (two-tailed Student’s t test). G FFA and CD31-stained RPE-choroid flat mounts (CNV day 7) in Ctrl and Smoke mice. H, I Quantification of leakage area (n = 10/11) and CNV volume (n = 5/6). Mean ± SEM, P = 0.0092, 0.0097 (two-tailed Student’s t test). J RNA-seq in retina-choroid complex of Ctrl/Smoke mice. GO annotation shows enriched pathways (P = 0.001 for semaphorin receptor activity, Fisher exact test). K GSEA indicates enriched Sema/Plexin signaling in Smoke mice. L Heatmap of Sema ligands in rthe etina-choroid complex of Ctrl and Smoke mice with/without CNV (day 3). Z scores of TPM values (n = 4/4/4/4, * indicates Ctrl vs. Smoke difference, & indicates Ctrl vs. CNV difference, # indicates Smoke vs. Smoke + CNV difference). Mean ± SEM, P = 0.0047, < 0.0001, 0.022 (one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s test). M FFA and CD31-stained RPE-choroid flat mounts of Sema4d+/+ and Sema4d−/− mice with/without smoking (CNV day 7). N, O Quantification of leakage area and CNV volume (n = 13/10/10/12). Mean ± SEM, P = < 0.0001, < 0.0001, 0.9836, 0.0119, 0.0474, 0.8734 (one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s test). P Phalloidin-stained choroid explants from Sema4d+/+ and Sema4d−/− mice. Q, R Quantification of sprouting vessel length (Q) and area (R) (n = 4/5). Mean ± SEM, P = 0.0007, 0.0065 (two-tailed Student’s t test). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Scale bars: 50 µm (G right, M lower), 80 µm (G middle, M middle), 200 µm (A, G left, M upper), 1 mm (P). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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