Fig. 2: Summary of the genetic associations between 27 lung-gastrointestinal trait pairs.

a UpSet plot showing SNP-based heritability on the liability scale for each trait computed using LDSC (left bars, SNP-based liability heritability range: 0.02-0.21; standard error (SE) range: 0.002–0.02), global genetic correlations estimated using cross-trait LDSC (red bars, global genetic correlation range: 0.19–0.65; SE range: 0.04–0.07) and local levels computed using SUPERGNOVA [24 (17 unique) significant local genetic correlations] across 27 lung-gastrointestinal trait pairs. Lung-gastrointestinal trait pairs are indicated by blue dots. b Genome-wide map of 42 candidate pleiotropic genetic variants (dots, see also Supplementary Data 8) and the 66 corresponding candidate pleiotropic genes (see also Supplementary Data 15) for each gastrointestinal disease as a Circos plot. The region shared by multiple trait pairs is denoted by black text and a black-dotted bordered rectangle. Bonferroni correction was applied, and all reported P values were two-sided unless stated otherwise. LDSC: linkage disequilibrium score regression. CP: colon polyp. DD: diverticular disease. GORD: gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. IBS: irritable bowel syndrome. PUD: peptic ulcer disease. Bact-pneumo: bacterial pneumoniae. CB: chronic bronchitis. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. LC: lung cancer. CRC: colorectal cancer. LUSC: lung squamous cell carcinoma. Source data were provided as a Source Data file.