Fig. 3: Temperature, policy costs and carbon price pathways across the 21st century.
From: Leveraging ecosystems responses to enhanced rock weathering in mitigation scenarios
a–d Global-mean surface temperature change relative to the 1850–1900 mean. Policy costs are the net present values of future energy production costs and consumption losses as a percentage of GDP, compared to the no-policy scenario. The coloured bars indicate the median, the black dot the mean, and the error bars the 25–75% range. Policy costs scale exponentially with the equilibrium climate sensitivity, which can push the mean above the 25–75% range of the sample. e–h Median price of carbon across the 21st century for different climate targets (log scale). The shaded area represents the 25–75% range. The vertical scales are different between the panels.
