Fig. 2: Immunogenicity evaluation of DelNS1-H5N1 vaccines.
A Schedule of immunization, blood collection, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and nasal wash collection from BALB/c mice. Mice (n = 8 for each group) were intranasally immunized with 106 pfu DelNS1-cH5N1 or 106 pfu DelNS1-mH5N1, or mock-immunized (PBS). B At week 3, serum were collected and tested for IgG titers against the cH5N1 (DelNS1-cH5N1) virus, mH5N1 (DelNS1-mH5N1) virus, or H5N1-HA1 protein. C Microneutralization (MN) titers were measured against live viruses. At week 4 post immunization, mice from all groups were sacrificed and BAL and nasal wash samples collected. D BAL IgA levels and E nasal wash IgA levels against cH5N1, mH5N1, or H5N1-HA1 were measured. LOD: limit of detection. Data represents the mean values ± SD of results. Statistical analysis was performed for (B) and (C) using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test. Statistical analysis was performed for (D) and (E) using Student’s t-test (two-tailed). The mouse cartoon was created in BioRender. Wang, P. (2025) https://BioRender.com/n83i107. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
