Fig. 5: Transgenic A. thaliana autoimmune response monitoring using plant e-tattoo.
From: Epidermal electronic-tattoo for plant immune response monitoring
a Experimental setup schematics for the control and test groups. Mrk-0 WT and uninduced transgenic plants served as negative controls. b Normalized impedance magnitude at 2 kHz over time of the test and control groups post induction with water or ethanol. A custom-designed portable impedance monitoring system was developed to enable continuous recording of the impedance spectra in the middle-frequency range (2 kHz–22 kHz). c Protein expression of ethanol-induced RPW8.1KZ10-mVenus in 4-week-old Mrk-0 WT and transgenic plants expressing RPW8.1KZ10-mVenus, analyzed by SDS-PAGE and western blot using an anti-GFP-HRP antibody. Similar results were obtained in more than three independent technical replicates, and a representative blot is shown. d Ion leakage measurements over time, indicating hypersensitive response (HR) and cell death in ethanol-induced Mrk-0 transgenic RPW8.1KZ10-mVenus plants. Leaf discs were floated in 500 mL of ddH2O for 30 min before being transferred in sets of ten into test tubes containing 8 mL of either 1% ethanol (experimental group) or ddH2O (mock group), with eight biological replicates per condition. The experiment was repeated in more than three independent biological replicates, yielding consistent results. Data from a representative biological replicate are shown. Data are presented as mean values ± SD. e–g Photos of control and test group plants before and after induction (at 8 hpi). h–j Impedance magnitude spectra over time of the test and control group plants. The full impedance spectrum was recorded every two hours. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
