Fig. 3: Contribution of two electrochemical half-reactions over different active sites to the overall aerobic HQ oxidation.

a Comparison of the BQ formation rate in the anodic camber and the current flow (in μmol min−1) between electrodes containing different catalysts (cell configuration in Supplementary Fig. 3b). Time-evolution profiles of electrode potentials and current when (b) CB as the cathode and Pt/C as the anode, (c) Pt/C as the cathode and CB as the anode, or (d) Pt/C as both the cathode and the anode. Conditions: Total pressure: 101 kPa; 295 K; 0.1 M HClO4; pH 1.2; stirring rate: 450 rpm; OC: open-circuit; SC: short-circuit.