Fig. 1: H3.1K27M expression induces developmental defects and DNA damage in Arabidopsis.

A Relative abundance of H3.1 gene transcripts. B Morphological phenotypes of Col-0, H3.1 WT, and H3.1K27M plants. C Survival rates of Col-0, H3.1 WT, and H3.1K27M plants. D Representative comet assay images. E Quantification of DNA percentage in the comet tails. Horizontal bars indicate the mean. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test: ns = not significantly different (n = 28 nuclei). F Relative root length of seedlings grown on ½ MS plates with 100 µg/ml MMS compared to the average root length of seedlings grown on plates without MMS. Each dot represents one individual T1 plant (n = 18). Horizontal bars indicate the mean. SEM is shown. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test: ns = not significantly different. G Representative image of histochemical staining of reporter plants for GUS activity. Blue areas indicate that a functional reporter gene has been restored via a somatic recombination event. Three independent experiments were performed with similar results. H RNA-seq data showing relative transcript levels of 158 DNA damage response genes (Supplementary Data 1) measured by transcripts per million (TPM). The center line denotes the median value (50th percentile) and the box contains the 25th to 75th percentiles of the dataset. The whiskers mark the 5th and 95th percentiles. One-way ANOVA with Kruskal-Wallis test: ns = not significantly different. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.