Table 2 The four applied methods and their key features
From: The genetic and environmental composition of socioeconomic status in Norway
Design | Key features |
|---|---|
Family pedigree (FP) | The basic model assumes genetic correlation between siblings (rg = 0.5) and first cousins (rg = 0.125) and shared environment correlations between siblings (rc = 1) and first cousins (rc = 0). Similarity that is not accounted for by shared environment correlations implies genetic effects. |
Identity-by-descent (IBD) | Uses empirical genetic correlations among full siblings. The extent to which phenotypic correlations match genotypic correlations implies the degree of heritability. |
Genome-based restricted maximum likelihood (GREML) | Uses empirical genetic correlations among unrelated individuals. Phenotypic correlations that match the pattern of genotypic correlation imply higher heritability. |
Linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression | Uses GWAS summary statistics and estimates SNPs associations with outcomes by correlating linkage disequilibrium scores with Chi square statistics. |
