Fig. 3: Thermodynamic inversion of an 8 × 8 matrix.

This experiment was performed independently on three distinct (but nominally identical) copies of the SPU. A The input matrix A and its true inverse A⁻¹ are shown, respectively, in the first and second panel. The relative Frobenius error versus the number of samples is plotted in the third panel, for each of the three SPUs. The three panels on the right show the experimentally determined inverses after gathering 12,000 samples on each of the three SPUs. B The time progression of thermodynamic matrix inversion is shown. From left to right, more samples are gathered from the SPU to compute the matrix inversion. The number of samples and the inversion error are stated below each panel. One can visually see the resulting inverse look more like the target inverse as more samples are obtained. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.