Fig. 2: Structures of monomers, polymerization of polyesters, and corresponding ionic conductivity.

a Ester bridged DOA, PCEA, and AEEO, and amide bridged AAPC and AAEO monomers and two longer chain derivatives. b Images of polymerized DOA and AEEO monomers in different liquid electrolytes of EC, DMC, or DEC. c Continuous in situ polymerization line on porous polypropylene (PP) separators. d The image of bare and P(AEEO) coated PP separators. e The summarized ionic conductivity of seven QSSEs with various solvents of EC, PC, DMC, DEC, EC-DEC (1:1), EC-DMC (1:1) or EC-DEC-FEC (2:1:1) (containing 30 wt% polymer, 16 wt% LiPF6 and 54 wt% liquid solvents).