Fig. 3: Electrophysiology characterization for neuromuscular tissue fabricated using acoustofluidic bioassembly technique.
From: Acoustofluidic bioassembly induced morphogenesis for therapeutic tissue fabrication
a Representative time-dependent calcium intensity of cells normalized by initial values　(F/F0), peak amplitude, and rise and decay time of the calcium signal in iMPC AB, iMPC+MN R, and iMPC+MN AB groups (n = 30). b Representative fluorescent images of Fluo-4 AM and normalized calcium intensity Fnorm of cells in the regions delineated with white solid marks during the spontaneous contraction in iMPC+MN R and iMPC+MN AB groups. Scale bars represent 100 μm. c Schematic and the image-based analysis of the distance between soma center and axon terminal of motor neurons (Lend) in the iMPC+MN R and iMPC+MN AB group (n = 47 for iMPC+MN R and n = 62 for iMPC+MN AB). d Overlay of the brightfield image of the iMPC+MN R and the fluorescent image of a membrane-stained motor neuron, with the definition of the near and far region. Scale bar represents 50 μm. e Representative contractility of cells in near and far regions of iMPC+MN R and iMPC+MN AB group before and after the glutamate treatment. Contractility values were normalized to the average one before the glutamate treatment. f Change in contractility of cells in near and far regions of iMPC+MN R and iMPC+MN AB groups after glutamate treatment (n = 3 biologically independent samples). a.u., arbitrary units. All data are presented as mean ± S.D., and statistical differences were determined with an unpaired, two-sided t-test. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus iMPC R, #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 versus iMPC+MN R, and +P < 0.05 and ++P < 0.01 versus iMPC AB. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
