Table 1 The production modes and involved measures in China’s steel sector
Material efficiency | Electrification | Hydrogen | Scrap recycling | EETs | CCS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BF-BOF + Coal | √ | √ | ||||
BF-BOF + Coal & CCS | √ | √ | √ | |||
BF-BOF + Coal & Hydrogen | √ | √ | √ | |||
DRI-EAF + Natural gas | √ | √ | √ | |||
DRI-EAF + Natural gas & CCS | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
DRI-EAF + Hydrogen | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
Scrap-based EAF | √ | √ | √ | √ |
