Fig. 4: Projected atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution trends until 2100 for the Americas and Asia.
From: Blockchain-based isotopic big data-driven tracing of global PM sources and interventions
Specifically, (a) the Americas, (b) Asia. Simulations were conducted with the global change assessment model (GCAM), IDGAR database, and the stable isotope analysis in R model (SIAR). The scenarios, SSP1-1.9 and SSP1-2.6, combine Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) with Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP), which correspond to future radiative forcing and their climate impacts. Specifically, SSP1-1.9 and SSP1-2.6 aim to limit global warming to 1.5 °C and 2 °C, respectively. Error bars represent mean ± s.d. (n = 3). For more details about the scenario settings in the PM pollution simulations, see the “Methods” section. These projected results by 2100 are close to the WHO guideline limit of 5 μg/m3, but have not yet been achieved.
