Fig. 6: Large-scale synthesis, derivatizations and applications of the inherently chiral calix[4]arenes.

A Large scale asymmetric synthesis. B Studies on reducing catalyst loading. C Derivatizations of the chiral calix[4]arene 3e. D Derivatizations of chiral calix[4]arene 3a. E Derivatizations of 3a into meta-amino-substituted calix[4]arenes. F Application of calix[4]arene derived catalyst in asymmetric [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. G Application of calix[4]arene derived catalyst in asymmetric α-amination reaction of aldehyde.