Fig. 6: Performance and cost comparison of the ion-exchange membrane-based electrochemical Oxygen removal (IEM-based EOR) reactor and the gravity-assisted product self-separation (GAPS) Reactor.

a Comparison of key parameters between the IEM-based EOR reactor and the GAPS Reactor. b Cost comparison between the IEM-based EOR reactor and the GAPS Reactor. c O2 removal rate per unit equipment cost for the IEM-based EOR reactor and the GAPS Reactor. d The comparison of total cost of ownership over time for two O2 removal modules integrated into a refrigeration system. Source data for Fig. 6a–d are provided as a Source Data file.