Fig. 2: Dermatologists’ diagnostic accuracy with AI and XAI support.
From: Dermatologist-like explainable AI enhances melanoma diagnosis accuracy: eye-tracking study
a Dermatologists’ balanced accuracies with artificial intelligence (AI) support and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) support (P = 0.013, two-sided paired t-test, n = 76 participants). The y-axis represents a continuous scale from 0 to 100 but is labeled at discrete intervals (e.g., 50, 60, etc.) for clarity. The gray lines between the boxes connect the same dermatologist between the AI and XAI phases, while the black lines indicate the means across all dermatologists. The horizontal line within each box denotes the median value, and the white dot represents the mean. The upper and lower box limits denote the 1st and 3rd quartiles, respectively, with the whiskers extending to 1.5 times the interquartile range. b Numerical increase in dermatologists’ diagnostic accuracy with XAI over AI (XAI phase accuracy minus AI phase accuracy) (two-sided Spearman’s rank correlation −0.08, P = 0.55, n = 61 dermatologists). Each point represents one dermatologist. The horizontal line within each box denotes the median value, and the white dot represents the mean. The upper and lower box limits denote the 1st and 3rd quartiles, respectively, with the whiskers extending to 1.5 times the interquartile range. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
