Fig. 5: Experimental schematics.
Schematics (not to scale) of (a) an electrochemical cell and a shadowgraphy system; (b) an H2 bubble residing atop a carpet of microbubbles, generated between its bottom and the electrode surface, as shown by the red rectangle in (a). An inset zooms into the bottom of the bubble, marked by a black rectangle, where an intensive bubble-carpet coalescence takes place. The red lines represent the distribution of the current density (j), and the black streamlines on the right represent the Marangoni convection with velocity v. The panels (a) and (b) are adapted from Ref. 32; (c) PTV optics used to measure the velocity of injected droplets inside the H2 bubble. The cyan lines indicate the laser rays' path. For details, see text.
