Fig. 6: Genome-wide interactions between sex and genetic variants.
From: Pleiotropic and sex-specific genetic mechanisms of circulating metabolic markers
a Manhattan plot of the multivariate genome-wide association study with an interaction term with sex on all 249 metabolites, with the observed −log10(p-value) of each interaction shown on the y-axis. The x-axis shows the relative genomic location, grouped by chromosome, and the red dashed line indicates the genome-wide significance threshold of 5 × 10−8. The y-axis is clipped at -log10(p)=150. Loci have been annotated with mapped gene names. b Illustration of an identified significant cross-over interaction between sex and rs1065853 on chromosome 19, showing opposite effects on phospholipid concentrations (y-axis) in men and women (x-axis). c An interaction effect of rs964184 on chromosome 11, illustrating effects on very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol concentrations only in women. In both plots, the line colors indicate genotypes, and error bars represent standard error of the mean. Male n = 96 281, female n = 111 560.
