Fig. 6: Bioenergetic stress accelerates resistance evolution via “gambler cell” formation and transcription-coupled repair.
From: Bioenergetic stress potentiates antimicrobial resistance and persistence
a Ciprofloxacin resistance evolution for wildtype MG1655 cells expressing pEmpty, pF1, or pNOX. These data are replicated from Fig. 1 to facilitate comparisons. b Ciprofloxacin resistance evolution for ∆relA ∆spoT cells expressing pEmpty, pF1, or pNOX. c Ciprofloxacin resistance evolution for ∆dinB cells expressing pEmpty, pF1, or pNOX. d Ciprofloxacin resistance evolution for ∆umuD cells expressing pEmpty, pF1, or pNOX. e Ciprofloxacin resistance evolution for ∆mfd cells expressing pEmpty, pF1, or pNOX. Data reported as change in the minimum concentration for 50% growth inhibition (MIC50) relative to Cycle 1 for all resistance evolution experiments. fuvrA (left) and mfd (right) expression for exponential phase pEmpty, pF1, and pNOX cells. Data depicted as quantile-normalized log2-transformed transcripts per million counts as measured by RNA-sequencing. Statistical testing by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test versus pEmpty for uvrA (p = 0.0002; pF1 p = 0.0001, pNOX p = 0.0014) and mfd (p = 0.0027; pF1 p = 0.5940, pNOX p = 0.0082). All experiments performed in MOPS-rich media. n = 4 for all experiments. All data represent biological replicates (independent cultures) and are depicted as mean ± SEM. **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001. Non-significant comparisons not shown. Source data are provided within the ‘Source Data.xlsx’ file.
