Fig. 4: Reduction of the variance in the regional extreme precipitation change (\(\Delta {{{\boldsymbol{R}}}}\)).
From: Combined emergent constraints on future extreme precipitation changes
Shading shows the relative reduction of variance (RRV, %) in the regional \(\Delta R\) (2051–2100 minus 1851–1900) based on (a) the temperature-related emergent constraint (\(\Delta {T}_{{gm}}\)-related EC), (c) the sensitivity-related (\(\frac{\Delta {R}_{{gm}}}{\Delta {T}_{{gm}}}\)-related) EC and (d) the combined EC, respectively. Gray hatches in the panels (c) and (d) indicate where the RRV becomes negative. In that case, the RRV is set to (c) 0 or (d) the same as that of the \(\Delta {T}_{{gm}}\)-related EC (“Methods”). b RRV of \(\frac{\Delta R}{\Delta {T}_{{gm}}}\) (%). e Differences of the RRVs between the combined EC and the \(\Delta {T}_{{gm}}\)-related EC (%). f Fraction of the global area (%) with RRV values denoted on the horizontal axis for (blue) the \(\Delta {T}_{{gm}}\)-related EC, (orange) the \(\frac{\Delta R}{\Delta {T}_{{gm}}}\)-related EC and (purple) the combined EC.
