Fig. 6: The Crabtree-negative strain with the synthetic energy system was applied to the synthesis of compounds through different pathways.

a Pathway from sucrose phosphorolysis to different products, including lactic acid, 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), p-coumaric acid, and farnesene. The red font indicates various products, while the blue font denotes the pathways through which these products are synthesised. b Lactic acid synthesis pathway. Blue font indicates competing pathways. c. Titre and yield of lactic acid produced by the engineered strain ZQS67 and ZQS68, with ZQS66 as the Crabtree-positive control strain utilising sucrose phosphorylation. d 3-HP synthesis pathway. Blue font indicates competing pathways, and green font indicates introduced exogenous pathways. e Titre and yield of 3-HP produced by the engineered strain ZQS70 and ZQS71, with ZQS69 as the Crabtree-positive control strain utilising sucrose phosphorylation. f p-coumaric acid synthesis pathway. g Titre and yield of p-coumaric acid produced by the engineered strain ZQS73 and ZQS74, with ZQS72 as the Crabtree-positive control strain utilising sucrose phosphorylation. h Farnesene synthesis pathway. i Titre and yield of farnesene produced by the engineered strain ZQS76 and ZQS77, with ZQS75 as the Crabtree-positive control strain utilising sucrose phosphorylation. All data are expressed as mean ± SD of biological triplicates. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Student’s t-test (two-tailed; sample size, n = 3). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.