Table 3 Features used by the model: Pearson’s correlation between physician workload with the high- vs. low-workload indicator (n = 43,730), as measured by workload over the prior week

From: A machine learning model using clinical notes to identify physician fatigue

Feature

Correlation with

P value

 

physician workload

 

Word Un-predictability

  

 Perplexity (log)

−0.092***

5.34e-83

Cognitive words (LIWC)

  

 Insight (fraction)

−0.09***

4.34-75

 Certainty (fraction)

0.075***

1.07e-56

Pronouns (LIWC)

  

 First person singular pronouns (fraction)

−0.07***

7.85e-48

 Impersonal pronouns (fraction)

−0.049***

3.82e-22

Affect (LIWC)

  

 Anger (fraction)

0.025***

1.86e-07

Readability

  

 Flesch-Kincaid grade

−0.05***

4.88e-24

  1. More details are in the Supplementary Materials. p values are derived from a two-sided test.
  2. p < 0.05*p < 0.01**p < 0.001***.