Fig. 6: Rescue of the postnatal persistence of radial glia and cortical neurogenesis phenotypes in Prdm16-Vcam1 DKO mice.

a Increased Vcam1 immunofluorescence in the V-SVZ of juvenile and adult Prdm16 cKO mice. The dashed lines delineate the boundaries between the V-SVZ and the striatum and the boundary between the V-SVZ and the ventricle. Scale bar: 50 μm. b The persistence of GFAP⁺ radial processes is partially rescued in Prdm16-Vcam1 DKO mice. Scale bar: 50 μm. c Whole-mount en-face preparations showing neural stem cells with single γ-tubulin+ dots and ependymal cells with clusters of γ-tubulin+ dots. Scale bar: 50 μm. The cell composition defect in Prdm16 cKO mice is rescued in Prdm16-Vcam1 DKO. d Quantification of Vcam1 immunofluorescence positive area in V-SVZ at P31. n = 3 mice per genotype. Two-tailed Welch’s t-test, p = 0.0287. Data are presented as means ± SEM as appropriate. e Quantification of the number of radial processes at one month of age. Control, n = 4; cKO, n = 4; DCK, n = 8 mice. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, control vs. Prdm16 cKO, p = 0.002, Prdm16 cKO vs. Prdm16-Vcam1 DKO, p = 0.019. Data are presented as means ± SEM as appropriate. f Quantification of neural stem and ependymal cells at P34–35. Control, n = 3; cKO, n = 3; DCK, n = 4 mice. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Ependymal cells, control vs. Prdm16 cKO, p = 0.0017, Prdm16 cKO vs. Prdm16-Vcam1 DKO, p = 0.0097. Neural stem cells, control vs. Prdm16 cKO, p = 0.0124. Prdm16 cKO vs. Prdm16-Vcam1 DKO, p = 0.0262. Data are presented as means ± SEM as appropriate. g The postnatal persistence of newly born DCX⁺ neurons in the cerebral cortex seen in Prdm16 cKO mice is rescued in Prdm16-Vcam1 DKO mice. The dashed lines delineate the boundaries between the white matter and the grey matter. Scale bar: 100 μm. h Quantification of DCX⁺ cells at P21 in the cerebral cortex. Only DCX⁺ cells in the grey matter were counted. n = 3 mice per genotype. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Control vs. Prdm16 cKO, p = 0.0041. Prdm16 cKO vs. Prdm16-Vcam1 DKO, p = 0.0055. Data are presented as means ± SEM as appropriate. i Vcam1 mRNA detected by RNAscope at P30. LV lateral ventricle. Scale bar: 50 μm. j Quantification of Vcam1 mRNA levels detected by RNAscope in V-SVZ at P30. n = 3 mice per genotype. Two-tailed Welch’s t-test. p = 0.6004. Data are presented as means ± SEM as appropriate. k Vcam1 mRNA expression level in the NSCs of P34–35 Prdm16 cKO and control mice as determined by scRNA-seq. Wilcoxon test with Bonferroni correction, N.S. not significant.