Fig. 4: H2O2 production performance of Ni(OH)2/CNT materials in the flow cell.

a LSV polarization curve of Ni(OH)2/CNT in different concentration NaCl solutions and FE of Ni(OH)2/CNT in 1 M NaCl. b FE and linear fitted lines for the accumulation of H2O2 yields in 1 M NaCl for 156 h electrolysis. c The stability test of Ni(OH)2/CNT at 1 A cm−2 in 1 M NaCl. d The stability test of Ni(OH)2/CNT tested in natural seawater from Bohai Sea. e A comparison of stability reported with the most advanced electrocatalysts newly reported under various electrolysis configurations (cyan symbols: neutral electrolyte; pink symbols: alkaline electrolyte; green symbols: acid electrolyte. CoPc-CNT(O)27, Co-N5 SAC65, ZnCo-ZIF-C366, h-SnO229, CoNCB67, Pd/MCS-868, B-C69, JUC-60070, OCNS90071, Co1-NGO34, CoNOC37, CoTPP@RGO72, Data sources are provided in Table S2). f Techno-economic analysis of H2O2 electrosynthesis with three different conditions. g Bactericidal rate of S. aureus in 0.9 wt. % NaCl. h UV-vis spectra during the decomposition process of Rhodamine B.