Fig. 1: Global distribution and phylogenetic patterns of pollen limitation in flowering plants.
From: Global meta-analysis shows that threatened flowering plants have higher pollination deficits
a The distribution map of 2633 pollen supplementation experiments from the GloPL database. On the map, each record of a pollen supplementation experiment is colored in accordance with the threat status of the studied species. The world map with elevation data was downloaded from the WorldClim database74. Among the 1107 species, 224 of them are considered threatened, 602 of them are considered non-threatened, and the remaining 281 species lack sufficient threat status data (see tip color). b The phylogeny of 1107 studied flowering plant species. Major angiosperm groups are denoted. The mean pollen limitation effect size for each species is given in a heatmap (the outer circle). The mean value ± standard error of the pollen limitation effect size of three major phylogenetic clades is shown (upper-right panel). The one-way ANOVA and post-hoc analysis suggested a higher pollen limitation in the monocots than the eudicots (p-value < 2e-16). Significant differences are indicated: ***p-value < 0.001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
