Fig. 7: Mutagenesis of fluorescent proteins and chromoproteins to generate diverse cellular colors in E. coli.
a Scheme of the mutagenesis process for the fluorescent proteins mCheery, sfGFP, and TagBFP, controlled by a strong constitutive promoter PPorin141, involved the placement of two PMmP1 promoters upstream and downstream of the gene cluster to recruit the MmP1-based dual type mutator. b Confocal microscopy analysis of the control and mutator groups in E. coli. The control group exhibited a white color, whereas the mutator group displayed a variety of colors like red, green, blue, and orange. Scale bar = 10 μm. The experiment was repeated three times with similar results. c Confocal microscopy analysis of fluorescent protein mutants. mutants 1 and 3 exhibited purple, while mutants 2 and 4 displayed yellow. Scale bar = 10 μm. d Scheme of the mutagenesis process for chromoproteins amajLime, fwYellow, and spisPink, under PPorin141 promoter, with two PMmP1 promoters placed upstream and downstream of the gene cluster. e Observation of color variations in the mutator group in E. coli. The control group exhibited a green color, while the mutator group showed multiple colors, such as red and white. The experiment was repeated three times with similar results. f Chromoprotein mutant color profiles revealed that mutant 1 exhibited a purple color, mutants 2 and 3 were pink, while mutant 4 displayed a green color. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
