Fig. 1: Hybrid deposited WBG perovskite films.

a Schematic of the fabrication process of hybrid-deposited WBG perovskite, cross-section SEM images of b control and c target WBG perovskite film. In-situ synchrotron GIWAXS of (100) plane of d control and e target WBG perovskite film during the annealing process, GIWAXS of f control and g target WBG perovskite film after the annealing process. h the calculated binding energy of PA molecule on (100) and (110) plane, i schematic of crystal growth during annealing.