Fig. 5: NIF LNPs relieve lung injury in IPF mice model.

a Treatment schedules for intratracheal administrations of PBS, PL32 LNPs formulated mNR1D1, P-UA LNPs formulated mNR1D1 (0.6 mg/kg), and empty P-UA LNPs with the same lipid dose. b Mice survival curve of all treatment groups and mNR1D1 PL32 LNPs after 4 doses (0.6 mg/kg, n = 8 mice). c Inflammatory cytokine levels in BAL from IPF mice in all treatment groups (n = 5 mice). d Infiltrated immune cells proportion in the lung tissue of all treatment group by flow cytometry (n = 4 mice in PBS, n = 3 mice in P-UA, n = 5 mice in P-UA mNR1D1 and WT group). T cells were labeled as CD45⁺CD11b^-CD3⁺; CD4 T cells were labeled as CD45⁺CD11b^-CD3⁺CD4⁺; macrophages were labeled as CD45⁺CD11b⁺F4/80high; neutrophils were labeled as CD45⁺CD11b⁺F4/80medLy6G⁺; polymorphonuclear myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs (PMN)) were labeled as CD45⁺CD11b⁺F4/80lowLy6clowLy6G⁺; (e) Representative images of Masson’s trichrome, (f) Sirius red, (g) H&E, and IF staining of (h) lysyl oxidase (LOX) and (i) α-SMA in IPF mice after different treatments (n = 5 mice). Scale bar=100 μm in (e–i). j The quantification of (e, f, h, i) was performed in three randomly selected fields per mouse (from n = 5 biological independent mice per group, mean ± SEM). k Flow cytometric analysis of IL-4 (upper) and IL-17 (bottom) positive cells in CD45⁺ group (n = 5 mice). l Quantification of (k) (n = 5 mice). Data were represented as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was calculated through One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test (c, d, j, l). Figure 5a was created in BioRender. com with attribution line Miao, L. (2025) https://BioRender.com/sbg9i5w. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.