Fig. 8: M. bovis frd HT insertions drive Th17-biased immunity and bacterial pathogenicity via IL-1R suppression.

C57BL/6 mice were infected with ~5000 CFU of the indicated strain intranasally. 200 μg of anti-IL-1R1 antibody (+) or isotype control (−) was administered by i.p. on days 8, 10, and 12 dpi. a Number of CD4⁺CD69⁺ T cells in draining lymph nodes of mice at 12 dpi. b, c Number of CD4⁺CD69⁺ T cells expressing IFN-γ or IL-17A in the draining lymph nodes of mice as in (a). d Number of CD4⁺CD69⁺ T cells in draining lymph nodes of mice at 22 dpi. e, f Number of CD4⁺CD69⁺ T cells expressing IFN-γ or IL-17A in the draining lymph nodes of mice as in (d). g Bacterial loads in lungs. h The percentage of lung’s area occupied by inflammatory lesions. i HE-stained lung sections at 22 dpi. Arrows indicate lymphocytes, and arrowheads indicate neutrophils. Data are presented as mean values  ± SD. Sample size of n  =  5 mice was included in each group. P values depicted on the graphs were assessed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. WT, wild-type. Scale bars, 1 mm (left) and 20 μm (right). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.