Fig. 4: Intranasal SARS-CoV-2 infection alters the brainstem transcriptomic profile in hamsters.

A KEGG pathways enrichment based on the differentially regulated genes between SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-infected and mock-infected samples at the acute phase (4 days post-infection, dpi; left panel) and at the late phase (80 dpi, right panel). Circle sizes are proportional to the gene set size. Circle color is proportional to the corrected p values (one-sided tests, not considering potential depletions, and corrected for multiple testing using Benjamini-Hochberg correction). Common pathways observed at 4 and 80 dpi are shown in bold. Heatmap showing the differentially expressed genes at 4 and 80 dpi according to the selected KEGG pathway “Dopaminergic synapse” (B), “Glutamatergic synapse” (C), and “Synaptic vesicle cycle” (D), calculated in comparison with mock-infected hamstersColor gradient represents the transcription log2 fold change comparing infected and mock-infected (two-sided test, adjusted p-values after Benjamini-Hochberg multiple testing correction, considering a false discovery rate FDR < 0.05: *, **, *** denote p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Gene names in bold are mentioned in the text. Related to Supplementary Fig. 6-8.