Fig. 2: Electrochemical performance of the DGM layer. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Electrochemical performance of the DGM layer.

From: Dual-gradient metal layer for practicalizing high-energy lithium batteries

Fig. 2: Electrochemical performance of the DGM layer.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a, b Cross-sectional SEM images of Cu-Ag and Cu-AgC+Ag electrodes. c Contact angle measurements and optical image of Cu, Cu-Ag, Cu-AgC and Cu-AgC+Ag electrodes. d Voltage-time profiles and initial voltage-capacity curves of various Li | |Cu cells at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2. e, f Cycle performance and coulombic efficiency of the NCM90 | |Cu full cells at a low current rate of 0.1/0.1 C for conditioning (1 cycle) and standard current rate of 0.2/0.33 C for cycling between 4.4 to 3.0 V (1 C = 240 mA g−1). g‒i Evolution of consumed dead-Li and SEI-Li, calculated using TGC and electrochemical methods during cycling. All electrochemical testing were conducted at 25 ± 1 °C.

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