Fig. 3: 2e−-WOR performance for H2O2 electrosynthesis.

a, b Partial current densities of H2O2 and c, d the corresponding FEH2O2 over CAU-17 and UC-CAU-17 catalysts supported on a, c carbon paper and b, d FTO, respectively. e Long-time stability (E and FEH2O2) of UC-CAU-17/FTO at 50 mA cm–2. f Comparison of jH2O2, FEH2O2, overpotential at 10 mA cm–2, and stability with other previously reported state-of-the-art 2e–-WOR electrocatalysts. Electrolyte: 1.0 M Na2CO3 solution (pH = 11.96 ± 0.08, 25 °C). Potentials reported without iR correction. The error bars represent the standard deviation of three independent measurements. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.