Fig. 1: Transinfection with wAlbB or wMelM Wolbachia reduces DENV-2 infection in Ae. aegypti and successive feeding leads to higher rates of dissemination in wildtype (WT) and wAlbB mosquitoes at 7 dpi.

a Experimental design for initial infection and dissemination studies of single- and double-fed wildtype mosquitoes lacking Wolbachia (WT), wAlbB, and wMelM mosquitoes. Created in BioRender. Brackney, D. (2025) https://BioRender.com/bg8atjz. b Proportion of infected single- and double-fed WT, wAlbB, and wMelM mosquitoes 7 dpi. Numbers indicate infected mosquitoes over total fed mosquitoes. wMelM single-fed vs double-fed p = 0.0448. c Proportion of single- and double-fed WT, wAlbB, and wMelM mosquitoes with disseminated infection 7 dpi. Numbers indicate mosquitoes with disseminated infection (measured using legs + wings) over infected mosquitoes. WT single-fed vs double-fed p = 0.0361 and wAlbB single-fed vs double-fed p = 0.0015. Comparisons were made using two-sided Fisher’s exact tests. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Blue = single-fed, red = double-fed. Lines indicate mean ± standard error of the mean of the total sample proportions. Data was collected across 4 replicates for WT and wAlbB groups and 5 replicates for wMelM groups. Source data for (b, c) are provided as a Source Data file.