Fig. 7: Kinetic energy relaxation. | Nature Communications

Fig. 7: Kinetic energy relaxation.

From: Self-sustained frictional cooling in active matter

Fig. 7

Time evolution of the total kinetic energy \({E}_{{{{\rm{kin}}}}}^{{{{\rm{tot}}}}}\) for systems reaching the cooled, mixed, and heated steady-state phases. Simulations are performed under the same conditions as in Fig. 4b (cooled), c (mixed), and d (heated). These snapshots correspond to the final time frames shown in this figure. In all three cases, the kinetic energy saturates, indicating that the system has reached a steady state.

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