Fig. 4: Somatosensory functions of the HAN.
From: An ion-electronic hybrid artificial neuron with a widely tunable frequency
Biomimetic illustration of (a) mechanosensory, (e) thermosensory, and (i) chemosensory neurons. Schematic diagrams of the HAN device structures for sensing (b) liquid flow, (f) temperature, and (j) ion concentration. Dependence of the firing frequency on (c) flow rate, (g) solution temperature, and (k) ion concentration of the solution. Time evolution of the firing frequency during external stimuli of (d) pulsed microflow, (h) sequential hot droplet impact, and (l) concentration-gradient-driven ion diffusion. Blue arrows in (d) indicate the onset of flow pulses, and black arrows indicate the termination of flow pulses with flow rates of 11, 17, 22, 28, and 33 mm/s. Red arrows in (h) indicate the moment of each hot droplet illustrated in (f) impacting on the device surface. Brown arrow in (l) indicates the moment the capillary bridge illustrated in (j) is established, connecting two droplets of different ion concentrations and initiating diffusion.
