Fig. 10: Population events in a network of spiking neuron models with E → E and E → I STP.

a Top: raster plot featuring oscillatory events. Bottom: Firing rate dynamics, excluding the 200 externally stimulated neurons from the excitatory population. The green-shaded region indicates the “kicking” period. b The plasticity parameters of the E → I synapse, with variations only in fIE. The symbols in the top left corner of each firing rate plot correspond to different fIE settings used in the simulations: a plus sign (+), a circle (o), and a star (*), each representing distinct plasticity scenarios. c, d Firing rate dynamics for the sign (+) and star (*) scenarios. e Power spectra for three scenarios differentiated by color-coded symbols, with the black trace indicating a control case without plasticity. f Correlations of synaptic inputs from pairs of neurons.