Fig. 3: Brain map showing sex-stratified atrophy patterns in iRBD.

a Cortical maps showing the distribution of reduced cortical thickness in females and males with iRBD against age- and sex-adjusted values. The color bar indicates W-scores, representing the severity of regional deviation compared to expected morphology. b Cortical maps showing the significantly atrophied regions in iRBD females and males after conducting one sample t tests for each cortical region. The color bar indicates t-values for regions reaching significance after FDR correction (PFDR < 0.05). Cortical surface maps were generated with SurfIce77. FDR = false discovery rate; iRBD = isolated REM sleep behavior disorder.