Fig. 3: Characterization of tumor steroid cells.

a Similarity heatmap of gene modules. For each tumor, gene expression variability was captured by the 10 first PCA components. From each PCA component, gene modules were generated (top 50 genes positively and negatively associated with each component). The heatmap of gene modules similarities (Sørensen indexes) revealed 8 recurrent gene modules. b Gene set enrichment (normal adrenal signatures and GO-BP, over-representation test) of the 8 recurrent gene modules. c UMAP of the steroid tumor cells. Individual steroid cells from 34 adrenocortical tumors are presented (single-nucleus transcriptomes). The main gene module is assigned to each cell. d Proportion of main gene modules assigned to steroid cells of each tumor sample. e Association of gene modules and outcome. Gene modules were scored in bulk ACC transcriptomes from 201 patients with ssGSEA. Kaplan–Meier curves represent disease-free and overall survival.