Fig. 4: Dynamic acoustic holography controlled by partitioned PZT.

a Schematic illustration of the realisation of a complex-amplitude acoustic holography via the combination of the partitioned PZT and the modulus pattern, which controls the amplitude and phase profiles, respectively. b ON-OFF state of the switch matrices, simulated acoustic fields, and the experimentally displayed ripple patterns demonstrating real-time control of various digital numbers. The modulus pattern remains unchanged throughout the process. c Design process for an acoustic movie depicting a flying bird (Step 1), in which the modulus pattern of PCL film was optically reprogrammed (Step 2). d Switch matrices, simulated acoustic fields, and ripple patterns of the bird with different gestures. The distance between the target plane and the PCL film was fixed at 15 mm. All the scale bars are 10 mm.