Fig. 3: CCL20 activates lung fibroblasts.

a Migration analysis of primary mouse lung fibroblasts treated with different doses of CCL20 (n = 3 technical replicates per group). b–e Activation analysis of primary mouse lung fibroblasts treated with or without CCL20 (n = 6 technical replicates per group). Scale bars, 50 μm (e). f Schematic overview of the experimental design for (g, h). IF staining for α-SMA (g) and PCR analysis of the mRNA levels of genes associated with fibrosis (h) (n = 3 samples per group) in fibroblasts cocultured with AECs from PF mice in the presence of IgG or CCL20 Ab. Scale bar, 50 μm (g). Schematic overview (i) and representative fluorescence images (j) of Tomato-positive cells in the lung tissues of Col1a2-Tomato mice treated with i.t. injections of Ad-Ccl20 (2 × 109 pfu/mouse) compared with Ad-Ctrl-injected controls (n = 3 samples per group). Scale bar, 100 μm. The data are presented as the means ± SEM. The data in a, c, d, h were analyzed by two-tailed Student’s t-test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Source data are provided as a Source data file.