Fig. 6: Paleoenvironmental reconstructions. (Local Scale) Paleoenvironmental change, based on proxy data obtained in this study.

a Mean annual precipitation (MAP) estimates obtained from paleosol geochemistry (mm/year) follow a similar trend with the Chemical index of alteration (CIA), red numbered dots represent the three archeological horizons (1. NMT1, 2. NMT2, 3. NMT3); b Microcharcoal and diatoms found in the phytolith samples (counts); c Composite record of pedogenic carbonate δ¹³Cpedcarb values from East and West Turkana, compiled from existing literature by Levin (2013) and combined with new paleosol δ¹³Cpedcarb data from site Namorotukunan and its surroundings (‰, VPDB); d An overview of paleoclimatic trends observed from plant wax biomarkers in Namorotukunan, in this study. (Basin Scale) Climate change in the Turkana Basin: e Changes in the landscape composition based on faunal composition⁴⁸; f Changes in the abundance of open country adapted bovids⁹⁰; g Water deficit (ES-EI index) estimates (mm/year) based on δ¹⁸O_enamel^91,92).