Fig. 4: GWM performance across large global rivers.
From: Distinct hydrologic response patterns and trends worldwide revealed by physics-embedded learning
Monthly Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) scores (1981–2000) for global water models (GWMs) over a mixed-anthropogenic-impact and b natural basins. Rivers are arranged clockwise by δHBV2 performance (highest NSE on the outer ring, lowest at center) to show the best model over each basin. Marker shape and color represent different GWMs; river name color denotes biome type. The figure format and basin selection follow conventions from previous studies. GWM0 includes post-simulation bias correction; others do not. Amur, Columbia, Danube, Irtysh, Missouri, Madera, OB’, Orange, Tocantins, and Yenisey are repeated, as the points in the right panel are taken from more upstream, natural gages of these rivers.
