Table 2 STRATIFY prediction models for Hypotension, Syncope and Fracture. Values represent sub-distribution hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals

From: Predicting hypotension, syncope, and fracture risk in patients indicated for antihypertensive treatment: the STRATIFY models

Variable

STRATIFY-

Hypotension model

STRATIFY-

Syncope model

STRATIFY-

Fracture model

Age

31.06 (29.39–32.81)*

23.54 (22.48–24.65)*

1.03 (1.03–1.03)*

Sex (Female)

0.79 (0.77–0.81)

0.77 (0.75–0.79)

1.59 (1.57–1.62)

Systolic blood pressure

1.53 (1.30–1.80)*

-

1.00 (1.00–1.00)

Ethnicity (ref. White)

Black

-

0.98 (0.79–1.23)

0.44 (0.35–0.56)

South Asian

-

0.74 (0.64–0.85)

0.62 (0.55–0.69)

Other

-

0.84 (0.72–0.97)

0.76 (0.68–0.86)

Deprivation Score (ref. IMD 1)

IMD 2

1.06 (1.02–1.1)

1.1 (1.06–1.13)

1.05 (1.03–1.07)

IMD 3

1.11 (1.07–1.15)

1.11 (1.08–1.15)

1.08 (1.05–1.11)

IMD 4

1.21 (1.17–1.25)

1.25 (1.21–1.29)

1.17 (1.14–1.19)

IMD 5 (High)

1.32 (1.27–1.37)

1.43 (1.39–1.47)

1.24 (1.21–1.27)

BMI (ref. Normal)

Underweight

-

-

1.25 (1.19–1.31)

Overweight

-

-

0.84 (0.83–0.86)

Obese

-

-

0.75 (0.73–0.77)

Morbidly obese

-

-

0.66 (0.62–0.70)

Smoking status (ref. Non smoker)

Ex-smoker

1.24 (1.2 – 1.27)

-

1.01 (0.99 – 1.03)

Smoker

1.42 (1.37 – 1.47)

-

1.16 (1.13 – 1.18)

Alcohol (ref. Non drinker)

   

Trivial drinker

0.89 (0.86–0.92)

0.91 (0.88–0.94)

0.97 (0.95–0.99)

Light drinker

0.84 (0.81–0.88)

0.86 (0.83–0.9)

1.02 (0.99–1.05)

Moderate drinker

0.84 (0.80–0.88)

0.86 (0.82–0.89)

1.13 (1.10–1.17)

Heavy drinker

1.29 (1.17–1.43)

1.32 (1.2–1.45)

1.79 (1.68–1.92)

Unknown amount

0.9 (0.86–0.93)

0.92 (0.89–0.95)

1.01 (0.98–1.03)

Risk Factors

Dizziness

1.15 (1.11–1.19)

1.15 (1.12–1.18)

-

Dementia

-

0.72 (0.67–0.78)

0.74 (0.71–0.78)

Multiple sclerosis

-

-

1.41 (1.29–1.55)

Hypotension

1.94 (1.83–2.07)

1.32 (1.24–1.42)

-

Syncope

1.4 (1.32–1.49)

2.21 (2.13–2.3)

-

Previous Falls

1.11 (1.07–1.16)

1.18 (1.15–1.21)

1.22 (1.19–1.25)

Previous Fracture

-

-

1.57 (1.54–1.60)

Stroke

1.06 (1.01–1.11)

1.28 (1.23–1.33)

1.06 (1.02–1.10)

Heart failure

-

0.88 (0.83–0.92)

-

Chronic kidney disease

1.46 (1.38–1.55)

-

0.93 (0.89–0.97)

Diabetes

1.27 (1.22–1.31)

1.25 (1.22–1.29)

1.22 (1.18–1.25)

Parkinson’s disease

1.72 (1.62–1.81)

1.17 (1.09–1.26)

1.29 (1.22–1.36)

Spinal cord injury

-

-

-

Ischaemic heart disease

1.21 (1.17–1.24)

1.26 (1.23–1.29)

-

Atrial fibrillation

1.15 (1.1–1.21)

1.06 (1.02–1.11)

 

Anaemia

1.12 (1.08–1.17)

-

 

Bradycardia

1.13 (1.01–1.26)

1.12 (0.99–1.27)

-

Tachycardia

1.4 (1.29–1.52)

1.19 (1.1–1.29)

-

Structural cardiac disease

1.22 (1.17–1.27)

1.18 (1.14–1.22)

-

Cardiopulmonary disease

1.31 (1.21–1.42)

1.17 (1.08–1.26)

-

Osteoporosis

-

-

1.30 (1.25–1.34)

Rheumatoid Arthritis

-

-

1.30 (1.24–1.37)

Gastrointestinal Conditions

-

-

1.14 (1.08–1.21)

Epilepsy

-

-

1.37 (1.29–1.46)

Respiratory problems

-

-

1.06 (1.04–1.08)

Chronic liver disease

-

-

1.62 (1.47–1.80)

Antihypertensive drugs

   

ACE inhibitors

1.41 (1.37–1.45)

1.21 (1.17–1.24)

1.05(1.03–1.07)

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists

1.36 (1.30–1.43)

1.15 (1.1–1.21)

1.04 (1.00–1.07)

Alpha blockers

1.35 (1.26–1.45)

1.24 (1.18–1.31)

1.03 (0.98–1.09)

Beta blockers

1.29 (1.25–1.33)

1.15 (1.12–1.18)

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

Calcium channel blockers

1.19 (1.16 to 1.23)

1.15 (1.12 to 1.18)

1.06 (1.04–1.08)

Diuretics

1.11 (1.07–1.15)

1.15 (1.12–1.17)

1.04 (1.02–1.06)

Other antihypertensives

1.22 (1.13–1.33)

1.08 (1–1.17)

1.14 (1.07–1.21)

Other drugs

Opioids

1.30 (1.27–1.34)

1.19 (1.16–1.23)

1.16 (1.13–1.18)

Hypnotics, anxiolytics

1.07 (1.03–1.11)

1.12 (1.09–1.15)

-

Antipsychotics

-

1.19 (1.13–1.26)

1.12 (1.07–1.17)

Antidepressants

1.31 (1.28–1.35)

1.24 (1.2–1.28)

1.19 (1.16–1.21)

Osteoporosis medications

-

-

1.20 (1.16–1.24)

Systemic corticosteroids

-

-

1.07 (1.04–1.09)

Hormone replacement therapy

-

-

0.76 (0.74–0.78)

Anticonvulsants

-

-

1.37 (1.29 to 1.44)

Proton pump inhibitors

-

-

1.08 (1.06 to 1.10)

  1. *Variable transformed to account for non-linear association with the outcome
  2. IMD Index of multiple deprivation; BMI Body mass index; ACE Angiotensin converting enzyme; H2RA Histamine type-2 receptor antagonists