Fig. 1: Synthesis process of Y2O3 interlayer and FTO/Y2O3 interface reaction.
From: Yttrium oxide engineered substrate enables improved durability for perovskite solar cells
a Schematic diagram of the PSCs structure. b Schematic illustration of the thermal-evaporation setup used to prepare a metallic Y film on an FTO substrate. Simulated atomic structures of the (c) FTO/Y2O3 and (d) FTO/SnO2 interfaces. Crystal orbital Hamilton population (COHP) analyses for (e) Sn-O bonding at the FTO/SnO2 interface and (f) Y-O bonding at the FTO/Y2O3 interface; blue lines represent COHP values and pink lines denote the integrated COHP (ICOHP).
