Fig. 5: Evaluation of dendrite propagation and crack expansion.
From: Electroinitiated interfacial healing for external pressure-free solid-state sodium metal batteries
Illustration of dendrite and crack initiation and propagation in SSNMBs optimized by (a) CLE and (b) EAP strategy. c SEM images of OSEs after 20 cycles at 25 °C, where interfaces are optimized by the CLE (top) and EAP strategy (bottom) under a current density of 3.0 mA cm−2. Scale bars, 10 μm. d In situ optical microscopy observations of OSEs based on different optimized strategies under a current density of 3.0 mA cm−2 at 25 °C. Scale bars, 5 μm. e FIB-SEM and (f) Nano-CT images of OSEs after 30 cycles in symmetric cells under a current density of 2.0 mA cm−2 at 25 °C using different interfacial optimization methods. Scale bars, 200 nm.
