Fig. 5: Substrate scope for the biocompatible decarboxylative coupling of NHNI ester with Michael acceptors.

a NHNI esters with D-A framework. b NHNI esters without D-A framework. c Michael acceptors. The reactions were conducted under Condition A (50% DMSO/ (E. coli (BL21 strain) cell lysate) with NHNI esters (0.1 mmol) and Michael acceptors (0.1 mmol), and under Condition B (50% DMSO/Tris buffer) with NHNI esters (0.5 mmol), Michael acceptors (1 mmol) and NADH (1.5 mmol), using blue LEDs, air, and r.t. for 0.5–4 h. Yields were determined by ¹H NMR using an appropriate internal standard. NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; EWG, electron-withdrawing group. ^aYield obtained in a gram-scale reaction. NHNI ester N-hydroxynaphthalimide ester, D-A donor–acceptor, NADH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, EWG electron-withdrawing group, r.t. room temperature, DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide, Tris tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, E. coli (BL21) Escherichia coli BL21 strain.