Fig. 1: ABHD11 inhibition impairs T-cell activation and cytokine production.

a ABHD11 expression in CD4+ T-cells, unstimulated or activated with α-CD3 and α-CD28 (n = 3). Protein loading assessed using β-actin. b IL-2, IL-10, IL-17, IFNγ and TNFα production by CD4+ effector T-cells (IL-2, IL-10, IL-17, TNFα: n = 10; IFNγ: n = 9). For p < 0.0001, p = 0.00007741. c qPCR analysis of IL2, IL10, IL17, IFNG and TNF expression in CD4+ effector T-cells (n = 6). d Surface expression of CD69, as a measure of activation, on CD4+ effector T-cells (n = 5). e Cell size, as determined by forward scatter area, of CD4+ effector T-cells (n = 5). f Proliferation, as determined by CFSE staining, in CD4+ T-cells at 72 h (n = 2). g T-cell receptor signalling protein phosphorylation and expression in CD4+ T-cells, unstimulated or activated with α-CD3 and α-CD28 for the time points indicated (n = 3). Protein loading assessed using β-actin. h ABHD11 expression in unstimulated ABHD11 knockdown Jurkat T-cells (n = 3). Protein loading assessed using β-actin. i IL-2 production by ABHD11 knockdown Jurkat T-cells (n = 3). j Intracellular IFNγ expression in murine CD4+ effector T-cells following polarisation towards Th1 in the presence and absence of WWL222 (n = 3). k Intracellular IL-13 expression in murine CD4+ effector T-cells following polarisation towards Th2 in the presence and absence of WWL222 (n = 3). l Intracellular IL-17 expression in murine CD4+ effector T-cells following polarisation towards Th17 in the presence and absence of WWL222 (n = 4). Experiments were carried out using human samples, unless otherwise stated. CD4+ T-cells were activated with α-CD3 (2 μg/ml) and α-CD28 (20 μg/ml) for 24 h, in the presence and absence of ML-226, unless otherwise stated. Data are expressed as either: mean, with paired dots representing data from distinct biological replicates; or mean ± SEM. Statistical tests used: two-tailed paired t-test (b–f, j–l), two-tailed one-sample t-test (i). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.