Fig. 3: AMP 1003 alleviates antimicrobial resistance.

a FICIs of AMP 1003 in combination with antibiotics against MRSA ATCC 33591 and MRSA MDR2. b FICIs of AMP 1003 in combination with antibiotics against K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603 and K. pneumoniae MDR5. Resistance development of MRSA ATCC 33591 (c) and K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603 (d) in the presence of sub-MIC concentration of AMP 1003, antibiotics, or their mixture. Killing kinetics of AMP 1003 against MRSA ATCC 33591 persister cells generated by 10 × MIC concentration of ciprofloxacin (e), gentamicin (f), imipenem (g) or minocycline (h) treatment, n = 3 independent replicates. Data are presented as mean values ± SD. Data points show the median, and the error bars indicate the range. Killing kinetics of AMP 1003 against K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603 persister cells generated by 10 × MIC concentration of ciprofloxacin (i), gentamicin (j), imipenem (k) or minocycline (l) treatment, n = 3 independent replicates. Data are presented as mean values ± SD. Data points show the median, and the error bars indicate the range. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.