Fig. 5: Interrelationships among shrubs, herbs, and bryophytes in species richness, evenness, biomass, and biomass proportions, accounting for environmental change drivers, historical climate conditions, overstory basal area, and stand age.
From: Environmental change shapes understory plant diversity and dominance in boreal forests

a Changes in species richness; b changes in species evenness; c changes in biomass; d changes in biomass proportion. Red line shows the model-predicted mean; gray shaded band shows bootstrap 95% confidence intervals. Slope estimates reflect partial dependencies, and significance (P-values) are provided for each tested term. BP: biomass proportion. We use two-sided t-test to calculate P-values.